Contents

1 Introduction

• 1.1 Daily Maps of the Stratosphere since the IGY

• 1.2 Early North Pole Data

• 1.3 Climatologies

2 Some Remarks on Variability and Trends

• 2.1 The Lower Arctic Stratosphere in Winter since 1952

  • 2.1.1 Early Winter

  • 2.1.2 Mid-Winter

  • 2.1.3 Spring

  • 2.1.4 Relevance for PSC Formation

  • 2.1.5 Trends at the 10-hPa level

  • 2.1.6 Classification of Stratospheric Warmings

• 2.2 Trends through the Year

  • 2.2.1 Trends over the Arctic in Summer

  • 2.2.2 Vertical Meridional Sections of Temperature Trends for each Month, July 1964 - June 2001

  • 2.2.3 Trends in Different Periods

• 2.3 Trends in the Annual Mean

  • 2.3.1 Temperature Trends at the North Pole since 1956

  • 2.3.2 Hemispheric Maps of Annual Trends at 30 hPa

  • 2.3.3 Height and Temperature Trends between 100 and 30 hPa, 1965-2000

• 2.4 References

3 Climatological Monthly Means

• 3.1 Monthly Mean Temperatures at 30 hPa

• 3.2 Monthly Mean Geopotential Heights at 30 hPa

4 Some Remarks on Intercomparisons with other Data Series

• 4.1 Lower Stratospheric Temperature Differences between Meteorological Analyses in two cold Arctic Winters and their Impact on Polar Processing Studies. (Manney et al., 2002)

• 4.2 SPARC Stratospheric Temperature Trend Assessment (STTA) (Ramaswamy et al., 2001)

• 4.3 Intercomparison of two Stratospheric Analyses: Temperatures Relevant to Polar Stratospheric Cloud Formation. (Pawson et al., 1999)

• 4.4 References

5 The QBO data series

• 5.1 Data Compilation

• 5.2 Structure of the QBO

• 5.3 References

6 The Global Signal of the 11-year Sunspot Cycle in the Stratosphere: Differences between Solar Maxima and Minima (Labitzke, 2001)

• 6.1 Introduction

• 6.2 Data and Methods

• 6.3 The Solar Signal in the Annual Mean

  • 6.3.1 Northern Hemisphere 30-hPa Heights

  • 6.3.2 Zonal Mean Temperatures

  • 6.3.3 Zonal Mean Geopotential Heights

  • 6.3.4 Global 70-hPa Temperatures

  • 6.3.5 Global 70-hPa Heights

• 6.4 March of the Solar Signal through the Year

  • 6.4.1 At the 70-hPa Level

  • 6.4.2 At the 30-hPa Level

• 6.5 Northern Hemisphere Winters

  • 6.5.1 Northern Hemisphere

  • 6.5.2 Southern Hemisphere

• 6.6 Summary and Outlook

• References

7 Acknowledgements

8 The Berlin Data

• 8.1 The Directory Structure

• 8.2 Gridpoint Data Format

  • 8.2.1 Format: 10° x 10°

  • 8.2.2 Format: 5° x 5°

  • 8.2.3 Climatological Means

• 8.3 Zonal Mean Data

• 8.4 The QBO Data

• 8.5 Software